Efecto de la fertilización orgánica sobre la producción de ácidos grasos y la actividad antidiabética de Portulaca oleracea L.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35642/rm.v8i1.1226Palabras clave:
Verdolaga, ácido alfa-linolénico, ácido linoleico, α-Glucosidasa, enmiendas orgánicasResumen
Portulaca oleracea L., comúnmente conocida como verdolaga, es una planta consumida en Europa, Asia y África, con compuestos nutracéuticos y ácidos grasos esenciales cuyo contenido supera al de vegetales como las espinacas y la lechuga. Por otro lado, la fertilización orgánica mejora las características físico-químicas del suelo y así favorece el crecimiento, la fisiología y el metabolismo secundario, mejorando la composición química de la planta. Para evaluar el efecto de la fertilización orgánica sobre el contenido de ácidos grasos y la actividad antidiabética (α-Glucosidasa), las plantas cultivadas en invernadero fueron sometidas a tres tratamientos: control sin fertilizantes adicionales, con compost y vermicompost. Los resultados indicaron que el vermicompost aumentó significativamente el contenido de ácido oleico y linoleico. Sin embargo, el contenido de ácido palmítico disminuyó, aunque otros ácidos grasos saturados como el láurico, mirístico y esteárico no mostraron variaciones en los diferentes tratamientos. De los ácidos grasos esenciales poliinsaturados, el ácido linolénico (omega-3) aumentó en el tratamiento de control. Por otro lado, la enzima α-Glucosidasa no mostró diferencias en los distintos tratamientos de fertilización. Sin embargo, su alto porcentaje de inhibición (60 %) la posiciona como una especie con alto potencial antidiabético.
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