High-depth irrigation stimulates the vegetative growth of Myrteola nummularia established in the central-southern zone of Chile
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35642/rm.v9i1.1693Palavras-chave:
Fotossíntese, condutância estomática, clorofila, antioxidanteResumo
Conhecer as necessidades hídricas das espécies frutíferas é fundamental devido à escassez a nível mundial. No Chile, existem espécies nativas com frutos ricos em antioxidantes, como a Myrteola nummularia, que se encontram em estado selvagem e cujo comportamento fisiológico e morfológico face à irrigação ainda não foi estudado. Avaliou-se o efeito de diferentes doses de irrigação, T1: 0%, T2: 50%, T3: 100% e T4: 150% da evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) em M. nummularia estabelecidas no Chile. Foram analisadas diversas variáveis fisiológicas e de crescimento vegetativo. Em relação às variáveis fisiológicas, não foram observadas diferenças significativas durante o dia, embora tenham ocorrido algumas variações pontuais. Às 15h, a condutância estomática foi 46,6% e 52,7% maior sob 150% ETo em comparação com 50% e 100% ETo. Às 9h, o rendimento quântico máximo do fotossistema II foi 11,5% maior com 0% ETo do que com 50% ETo. O índice de clorofila não apresentou diferenças significativas. No desenvolvimento vegetativo, as doses mais altas (100% e 150% ETo) aumentaram significativamente a altura em relação à ausência de irrigação, com aumentos de 71,9% e 66,2%, respectivamente. No entanto, o tratamento com 150% ETo reduziu significativamente o comprimento dos ramos em relação a 100% e 50% ETo, sendo 58,9% e 59,6% menor. Concluiu-se que a irrigação a 100% ETo permite um desenvolvimento foliar adequado e um uso eficiente da água para estabelecer pomares jovens de M. nummularia como uma nova alternativa frutícola para o centro-sul do Chile.
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